For more and more companies, GAP analysis is becoming an indispensable tool for identifying and specifically resolving potential security risks. It should also be standard practice for small and medium-sized companies.
As part of a GAP analysis, companies can evaluate their current IT security measures and identify any gaps, e.g. with regard to implemented technical and organizational measures, processes or documentation. This includes comparing the existing security protocol with industry best practices and standards (e.g. recommendations from the BSI, standards according to ISO 2700X) as well as regulatory requirements in order to get a clear picture of where the company has security deficits.
GAP analysis provides valuable insights
GAP analysis helps companies gain valuable insights into potential risks they may face, allowing them to develop effective strategies to mitigate those risks.
"By using the results of the GAP analysis as a roadmap, companies have a strategic plan that is based on industry standards and regulatory requirements and at the same time continuously strives for stronger IT security - as a kind of continuous improvement process in IT security," says Viviane Sturm, IT security consultant at Netzlink. Common deficits in small and medium-sized companies lie primarily in unclear or undefined processes and procedures, insufficient documentation (e.g. emergency manuals are not available) or missing basic security measures (such as two-factor authentication).
Procedure for a GAP analysis
The first step in conducting a gap analysis is to work with the information security officer (or IT manager) to define the scope and objectives of the assessment. This includes determining which areas of IT security will be assessed, such as network infrastructure, entry and access control, data protection documentation, documentation, processes, mobile devices or employee training procedures. The next step is to collect relevant data by conducting a comprehensive review of the defined areas, IT systems, policies and practices. This may include reviewing incident response plans or examining staff awareness programs.
Once all the necessary data has been collected and analyzed, any gaps between current security measures and the desired level are now identified. These gaps can arise from the use of outdated or inadequate technologies, a lack of know-how, or inconsistencies in policy enforcement across the organization.
The GAP analysis is usually the starting point for further measures. As soon as the target/actual comparison has been completed, further measures can be implemented in a targeted manner. This can be anything from an emergency manual to employee training to the creation of an ISMS - depending on what suits the company and the compliance/governance requirements. Whether it is more restrictive firewall configurations, securing the Active Directory or establishing an external information security officer, at Netzlink dedicated specialist teams support the implementation of the respective measures.
Eliminate technological and human vulnerabilities
“Another important aspect of IT security that is still overlooked by many companies is the ‘human factor’. While investing in the latest cybersecurity tools and technologies is essential, it is equally important to educate employees about cyber threats and best practices for safe online behavior and maintaining a secure IT environment. This includes training in recognizing phishing emails, using strong passwords, and properly processing and using data.
By providing training or workshops, companies can give their employees the knowledge and skills they need to identify and respond effectively to potential security risks. In addition, conducting simulated phishing exercises can help test employee vigilance and underline the importance of handling confidential information. By empowering employees to become proactive guardians of company data, companies can create a culture of security awareness that serves as additional protection against potential cyber threats," emphasizes Viviane Sturm.
External impact of GAP analyses often underestimated
By prioritizing IT security through GAP analysis, companies allow external experts to assess their current level of compliance with relevant regulations and identify any areas where improvements need to be made. This proactive approach not only helps protect sensitive data, but also documents the commitment to protecting data, interests and assets to customers, partners and other stakeholders - an increasingly important aspect in this digital age where data breaches are all too common.
Keeping up with cyber threats
GAP analysis is usually a one-time consulting service that is performed and billed for. However, companies should repeat GAP analyses at regular intervals (e.g. once a year) to review changes in infrastructure and IT security and to provide evidence of implementation of measures to stakeholders. "As technologies and cyber threats are constantly evolving, it is not enough to close security gaps once; it requires constant efforts to adapt and strengthen defenses," Viviane Sturm continues. "Ultimately, the investment in regular review pays off with reduced financial losses from potential breaches or business interruptions due to security incidents. In today's digital landscape, vigilance is key to ensuring the long-term success and survival of any company that relies on technology-driven processes."
Regularly reviewing systems, conducting penetration tests and staying updated on new threats are also critical elements in maintaining a strong IT security posture (e.g. for KRITIS companies) that keeps pace with the evolving risks in today's digital landscape. Ultimately, implementing an ongoing cycle of GAP analyses enables organizations to continuously reassess their security measures and adapt effectively to evolving cyber risks.
More at Netzlink.com
About Netzlink Informationstechnik GmbH
Netzlink Informationstechnik GmbH, with headquarters in Braunschweig and other locations in Germany and Poland, offers ICT solutions for customers with special requirements for functionality, security and data protection. The requirements of German companies - from individual specifications to KRITIS - are met by Netzlink with certified solutions such as the Nubo Cloud, the Helplink service organization and other in-house developments. Netzlink is an outstanding and efficient partner for all digitalization projects, regardless of whether they are cloud, container, communication, operational or service solutions.
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